AI in education is no longer a future concept, but a reality that is transforming the way students learn and teachers teach. From apps that adapt the pace of learning to complex systems that help identify academic difficulties early, artificial intelligence is being progressively integrated into classrooms. However, alongside these opportunities, risks and challenges also arise—especially at key stages such as Secondary and Sixth Form, where academic and personal development is crucial.

In this article, we take a clear and objective look at how AI is used in education, its impact, and the main challenges it presents, answering the most common questions.

How is AI used in education?

AI in education focuses on applying intelligent technologies to improve teaching and learning processes. These tools analyse data, detect patterns and offer personalised responses that support both students and teachers.

In educational contexts, AI is mainly used for:

  • Adaptive learning platforms that adjust content according to a student’s level.
  • Automated assessment systems and analysis of academic progress.
  • Virtual assistants that answer frequently asked questions.
  • Tools that support teacher planning and educational management.

Thanks to these applications, AI contributes to a more flexible approach to teaching that is grounded in real learning data.

Impact of AI on education

The impact of AI on education is significant because it changes both educational methodology and the roles of teachers and students. Teaching becomes less uniform and moves towards more flexible, student-centred models.

Some key effects include:

  • Greater use of data to inform teaching decisions.
  • Changes in how learning is assessed.
  • An increase in independent and self-regulated learning.
  • A shift in the teacher’s role—from delivering content to guiding the learning process.

This impact is not limited to the classroom: it also affects how schools are organised and managed.

What are the benefits of AI in education?

The benefits of AI in education explain why more and more schools are exploring AI responsibly, as a complement to traditional teaching.

Personalisation of learning

AI makes it possible to adapt content, pace and level of difficulty to each student. This personalisation is essential for meeting diverse needs in the classroom and supports more effective learning, as each student progresses according to their abilities and goals.

Efficiency in educational management

AI-based tools can automate administrative tasks, analyse academic results and identify areas for improvement. This frees up time for teachers to focus on pedagogy and individual support.

Accessibility

AI can make learning more accessible for students with specific educational needs through text-to-speech tools, automatic translations and personalised support. This contributes to a more inclusive and equitable education.

Instant assistance and feedback

Intelligent systems provide immediate responses to exercises and activities, allowing students to identify mistakes and learn from them right away. Continuous feedback supports gradual improvement in academic performance.

Improved student motivation

By offering more interactive and tailored experiences, AI can increase students’ interest and engagement. Feeling supported in their learning process can strengthen motivation, particularly at stages where school disengagement may appear.

What are the disadvantages of AI in education?

Alongside its benefits, AI in education has some disadvantages that must be considered to ensure balanced and responsible use.

Depersonalisation of learning

If technology replaces too much human interaction, there is a risk of losing the emotional connection between teacher and student. Education is not only about transmitting knowledge, but also about guidance, values and social development.

Data privacy and security

The use of AI involves collecting and analysing student data. Ensuring that this personal information is protected is a key issue for any education system that uses AI.

High dependence on AI

Overuse can create technological dependence, reducing critical thinking, personal effort or student autonomy if it is not supported by an appropriate teaching approach.

What are the main challenges of AI in education?

The challenges of AI in education are not only technological, but also pedagogical and ethical, and they require careful reflection. The most relevant include:

  • Proper teacher training to integrate artificial intelligence effectively.
  • Ethical and transparent use of data.
  • Ensuring equal access to these technologies.
  • Maintaining a balance between technological innovation and human-centred education.
  • Aligning AI with educational goals, not only efficiency.

Overcoming these challenges of AI in education requires gradual, thoughtful implementation, always aligned with learning objectives. It is also essential to establish clear guidelines on when and how AI should be used, ensuring that it supports—not replaces—good teaching practice. When combined with strong digital literacy and critical thinking skills, AI can become a valuable tool that enhances learning while protecting students’ wellbeing and long-term development.